TOC elemental analysis

2023-12-20
dissolve organic carbon

TOC elemental analysis

The Total Organic Carbon analyzer present at the GI facility is a TOC analyzer. It is utilized to determine the Carbon content in fluids and sludge.

 

Carbon measurement

TOC refers to a Total Organic Carbon analyzer, which utilizes a catalytic oxidation combustion technique at high temperature, to convert organic carbon into CO2. The CO2 generated by oxidation is measured with a Non-dispersive Infra-Red (NDIR) sensor. By using special kits and (dilution) methods the device can be applied to determine the carbon concentration over an extremely broad range (theoretically from 4μg/L to 30 000mg/L), from pure drinking water to sea water with sludge. In addition, it is possible to indirectly determine the fraction of IC (= "inorganic carbon") arising from dissolved CO2 and acid salts containing carbon.

General preparation/submission of samples

  • The sample flow line diameter is 0.5 mm. Therefore, in order to prevent clogging, any particle larger than this size should be eliminated from the sample, for example by means of sedimentation.
  • Check well whether filtered (0.45µm) or unfiltered samples are required.

Types of C analyses and corresponding sample submission

TC = Total Carbon: all the carbon in the sample, consisting of both inorganic and organic carbon.
       TC samples: Unfiltered homogeneous (well mixed) samples.

TIC= Total Inorganic Carbon (often referred to as inorganic carbon IC): carbonate, bicarbonate, and dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2).
       TIC samples: Unfiltered homogeneous (well mixed) samples.

TOC = Total Organic Carbon = TC - TIC: material derived from decaying vegetation, bacterial growth, and metabolic activities of living organisms or chemicals.
       TOC samples: Unfiltered homogeneous (well mixed) samples. Before the actual measurement, samples are acidified and purged to get rid of the TIC.

 NPOC = Non-Purgeable Organic Carbon (commonly referred to as TOC; organic carbon remaining in an acidified sample after purging the sample with gas.

DOC = Dissolved Organic Carbon: TOC in a filtered sample.
       DOC samples: samples filtered through 0.45 μm pores.

POC = Particulate Organic Carbon = SOC = Suspended Organic Carbon: Carbon present in particles larger than 0.5 mm (on our device).
       No POC samples in our current setup.

Analysis of total organic carbon in drinking water

Regulatory Guidance for TOC Measurement in Pharma Water

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