How to Perform Successful Rectal Surgery by Reflectance Spectroscopy
author: Susan
2022-01-04
Colorectal cancer is a very common malignant tumor with a high mortality and morbidity rate. There are more than 1.2 million new cancer cases every year and an estimated 608,700 deaths. Early detection and removal of precancerous polyps and surgical treatment of resectable tumors are key measures to reduce the mortality of colorectal cancer. In terms of disease diagnosis, colonoscopy is still a common clinical diagnostic method. Although colonoscopy significantly improves the detection rate of colorectal cancer, it still has fundamental clinical limitations.
Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, it has obvious advantages, including no need for sample pretreatment, can be used for in vivo or in situ tissue measurement, and clearer features to facilitate the extraction of information content, and due to its harmless characteristics May become an ideal tool for medical biology applications.
Spectroscopic detection combined with corresponding analysis methods has been applied to the identification of tumor tissues and normal tissues, and has the potential for rapid detection. This experiment is intended to use diffuse reflectance spectroscopy to differentially diagnose rectal cancer and normal tissues, and hope to screen out It can be used to identify the different spectral wavelengths, and to explore whether spectroscopy can be used to determine the position of the spectroscopic safe margin of rectal cancer tumors.
Principle: Spectroscopy technology is an analysis method that uses the wavelength or intensity of light emission, absorption or scattering radiation generated by the energy level transition within a substance to analyze the chemical composition of a substance. The reflection of light on a rough surface is diffuse reflection.
Spectroscopy Solution: Set up the experimental light path as shown in Figure 1, connect the halogen light source ATG1002 to the optical fiber, connect the other end of the optical fiber to the visible spectrometer ATP2000P, connect the visible spectrometer to the computer, and use Optosky Spectra V3.1.12 software to collect the collected signals. The fiber head end is the test sample tray. After the preliminary test conditions, the distance between the fiber and the sample is 5mm, the integration time is 100 ms. The space of the experiment itself is a closed dark room, the temperature in the laboratory is constant at 16-18 degrees, and there is no perceivable wind speed in the laboratory.
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of experimental system
Conclusion:
Using a spectrometer to measure visible light diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, a total of 560 tissue samples were taken from 70 patients with rectal cancer (8 tissue samples were collected from each patient: tumor center tissue, tumor 0.5 cm, 1 cm, 1.5 cm, 2 cm, 2.5 cm, 3cm, 5cm) to detect and obtain its reflectance spectrum, and then conduct a series of analysis on the experimental data, and finally get the following results:
Tungsten halogen Lamp ATG1002 Low-noise spectrometer ATP2000P UV-Visible Bifurcated Fibers Collimator Experimental support & tray
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Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, it has obvious advantages, including no need for sample pretreatment, can be used for in vivo or in situ tissue measurement, and clearer features to facilitate the extraction of information content, and due to its harmless characteristics May become an ideal tool for medical biology applications.
Spectroscopic detection combined with corresponding analysis methods has been applied to the identification of tumor tissues and normal tissues, and has the potential for rapid detection. This experiment is intended to use diffuse reflectance spectroscopy to differentially diagnose rectal cancer and normal tissues, and hope to screen out It can be used to identify the different spectral wavelengths, and to explore whether spectroscopy can be used to determine the position of the spectroscopic safe margin of rectal cancer tumors.
Principle: Spectroscopy technology is an analysis method that uses the wavelength or intensity of light emission, absorption or scattering radiation generated by the energy level transition within a substance to analyze the chemical composition of a substance. The reflection of light on a rough surface is diffuse reflection.
Spectroscopy Solution: Set up the experimental light path as shown in Figure 1, connect the halogen light source ATG1002 to the optical fiber, connect the other end of the optical fiber to the visible spectrometer ATP2000P, connect the visible spectrometer to the computer, and use Optosky Spectra V3.1.12 software to collect the collected signals. The fiber head end is the test sample tray. After the preliminary test conditions, the distance between the fiber and the sample is 5mm, the integration time is 100 ms. The space of the experiment itself is a closed dark room, the temperature in the laboratory is constant at 16-18 degrees, and there is no perceivable wind speed in the laboratory.
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of experimental system
Test Result:
The result of the spectrometer measurement can be visually expressed as a curve of the wavelength range from 185.08-1030.797nm on the abscissa as the wavelength of the spectrum and the ordinate as the curve of the measured light intensity, which can be saved in an Excel grid, and the data can be normalized. Statistical analysis with normal tissues, determination of safe margins of rectal cancer tissue spectroscopy (cluster analysis followed by partial least squares method).
Through the observation of the scatter diagram, we can see that the tumor patients in the T1T2 stage are classified into the same category according to the interval from the tumor 1cm to the normal tissue group, and the light intensity value stabilizes after 1cm, indicating that 1cm can be As a safe margin for spectroscopy in patients with T1T2 stage. In the same way, the spectral characteristics of the tissue at 2.5 cm of the tumor in patients with T3T4 stage are the same as those of normal tissue, indicating that the safe margin of spectroscopy in patients with T3T4 stage is 2.5 cm.
Figure 2 The light intensity of the difference spectrum of patients in T1 and T2 stages in tissue 1 to tissue 8 Figure 3 The light intensity of the difference spectrum of patients in T3 and T4 stages in tissue 1 to tissue 8The result of the spectrometer measurement can be visually expressed as a curve of the wavelength range from 185.08-1030.797nm on the abscissa as the wavelength of the spectrum and the ordinate as the curve of the measured light intensity, which can be saved in an Excel grid, and the data can be normalized. Statistical analysis with normal tissues, determination of safe margins of rectal cancer tissue spectroscopy (cluster analysis followed by partial least squares method).
Through the observation of the scatter diagram, we can see that the tumor patients in the T1T2 stage are classified into the same category according to the interval from the tumor 1cm to the normal tissue group, and the light intensity value stabilizes after 1cm, indicating that 1cm can be As a safe margin for spectroscopy in patients with T1T2 stage. In the same way, the spectral characteristics of the tissue at 2.5 cm of the tumor in patients with T3T4 stage are the same as those of normal tissue, indicating that the safe margin of spectroscopy in patients with T3T4 stage is 2.5 cm.
Conclusion:
Using a spectrometer to measure visible light diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, a total of 560 tissue samples were taken from 70 patients with rectal cancer (8 tissue samples were collected from each patient: tumor center tissue, tumor 0.5 cm, 1 cm, 1.5 cm, 2 cm, 2.5 cm, 3cm, 5cm) to detect and obtain its reflectance spectrum, and then conduct a series of analysis on the experimental data, and finally get the following results:
- Rectal cancer tissues and normal tissues have differences in diffuse reflectance spectra. These differences in spectra may be potential tumor spectral markers.
- In patients with T1 and T2 rectal cancer, the spectroscopic margin of the tumor is 1cm, which may be a safe margin for rectal cancer surgery.
- In patients with T3 and T4 rectal cancer, the spectroscopic margin of the tumor is 2.5 cm, which may be a safe margin for rectal cancer surgery.
Tungsten halogen Lamp ATG1002 Low-noise spectrometer ATP2000P UV-Visible Bifurcated Fibers Collimator Experimental support & tray
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